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Dry macular degeneration can’t be cured, however sure dietary and life-style modifications can hold it from getting worse. AMD happens much less often in individuals who train, eat healthfully, and don’t smoke.
In keeping with the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), meals wealthy in nutritional vitamins C and E, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, and omega-3 fatty acids are good for eye well being. These vitamins are linked to a decrease danger for AMD later in life. Really helpful meals embrace citrus fruits, dark-green leafy greens, entire grains, fatty fish, vegetable oils, and nuts.
The AAO additionally notes that individuals who have AMD or are in danger for it might probably profit from a low-glycemic-index food plan. The glycemic index ranks how rapidly and by how a lot meals elevate blood sugar. A low-glycemic-index food plan tends to be excessive in nonstarchy greens and entire or minimally processed grains, and low in processed meals, akin to chips and commercially baked items.
Supplements
A every day mixture of sure nutritional vitamins and dietary dietary supplements, now offered as AREDS 2, was proven to be efficient in delaying the development of intermediate AMD to superior AMD by about 25 p.c in two research from the Nationwide Eye Institute. These dietary dietary supplements include excessive quantities of drugs that happen naturally within the macula.
The components in a every day dose of AREDS 2 (typically cut up into two softgels) are as follows:
- 500 milligrams (mg) of vitamin C
- 400 worldwide models (IU) of vitamin E
- 25 to 80 mg zinc as zinc oxide
- 2 mg copper as cupric oxide
- 10 mg lutein
- 2 mg zeaxanthin
Your ophthalmologist can let you understand if taking AREDS 2 dietary supplements could be helpful in treating your dry AMD. The dietary supplements haven’t been proven to forestall early AMD from progressing to intermediate AMD.
Injections for Geographic Atrophy
In early 2023, the U.S. Meals and Drug Administration (FDA) permitted the drug pegcetacoplan (Syfovre) for the remedy of geographic atrophy.
Pegcetacoplan is injected immediately into the attention each 25 to 60 days. In research, the drug diminished the expansion of lesions within the retina, thereby defending an individual’s remaining imaginative and prescient. There was no indication that the injections improved sufferers’ imaginative and prescient.
A second injectable drug for geographic atrophy, avacincaptad pegol (Izervay), was permitted in August 2023. In scientific trials, month-to-month in-eye injections of avacincaptad pegol considerably slowed geographic atrophy development for many research contributors, and induced unwanted side effects in fewer than 5 p.c.
Low-Imaginative and prescient Rehabilitation
As soon as imaginative and prescient loss happens with dry AMD, it may be useful to work with a specialist skilled in low-vision rehabilitation. You’ll be able to study methods and gadgets — akin to magnifiers, electronics that convert textual content to speech, and helpful apps — that may make navigating the world somewhat simpler.
Implantable Miniature Telescopes
A choose group of individuals with superior dry macular degeneration in each eyes, who meet sure particular necessities, might have an choice to enhance their imaginative and prescient by implanting a telescopic lens in a single eye, based on the Mayo Clinic. These implantable miniature telescopes (IMTs) resemble a really small plastic tube and work by magnifying and projecting photos over the nonetheless wholesome areas of the retina. An eye fixed surgeon can implant the IMT in an outpatient process.
The attention with the IMT is then used for central imaginative and prescient, whereas the nonimplanted eye offers peripheral imaginative and prescient. Publish-surgical remedy is required to retrain the mind to make use of every eye on this method, explains the AAO.
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