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An antihistamine is a kind of medication used to deal with frequent allergy signs , akin to sneezing, watery eyes , hives , and a runny nostril. Greater than 100 million Individuals undergo from some kind of allergy annually, in keeping with the Bronchial asthma and Allergy Basis of America , together with about 81 million with seasonal allergic reactions, akin to hay fever. Sure antihistamines are additionally generally used to deal with movement illness, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, cough , sleep issues, anxiousness, and Parkinson’s illness . The medicine work by blocking the consequences of histamine , a substance within the physique that may trigger allergy signs, notes MedlinePlus . Antihistamines come in numerous kinds, akin to capsules, tablets, liquids, eye drops, injections, and nasal sprays. They are often bought over-the-counter (OTC) or given as a prescription, per the Mayo Clinic . Some antihistamines are taken day by day, whereas others are used solely when signs happen. Forms of Antihistamines Some frequent antihistamines embrace: fexofenadine (Allegra) azelastine (Astelin, Astepro) nasal sprays hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril) diphenhydramine (Benadryl) chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton) desloratadine (Clarinex) loratadine (Claritin, Alavert) cyproheptadine (Periactin) brompheniramine and phenylephrine (Dimetane) emedastine (Emadine) eye drops levocabastine (Livostin) eye drops azelastine (Optivar) eye drops carbinoxamine (Palgic) levocetirizine (Xyzal) clemastine (Tavist) cetirizine (Zyrtec) Antihistamine Facet Results Per MedlinePlus , frequent unwanted effects of antihistamines embrace: Drowsiness or sleepiness Dizziness Dry mouth, nostril, or throat Decreased urge for food Upset abdomen Thickening of mucus Adjustments in imaginative and prescient Feeling nervous, excited, or irritable Antihistamine Precautions Earlier than taking an antihistamine, inform your physician about all medical situations you have got, particularly: Diabetes An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) Coronary heart illness Hypertension Glaucoma Epilepsy (seizure dysfunction) An enlarged prostate or hassle urinating Don’t drive or carry out actions that require alertness till you know the way the antihistamine you’re taking impacts you. Comply with the directions in your prescription or bundle label fastidiously when taking an antihistamine. Don’t take extra of the drugs than is really helpful. Inform your physician about all prescription, nonprescription, unlawful, leisure, natural, dietary, or dietary medicine you’re taking earlier than beginning on an antihistamine. You might have to keep away from grapefruit and grapefruit juice whereas taking an antihistamine, as they’ll have an effect on how these medicine work in your physique. Discuss to your physician if it is a concern. Antihistamines and Alcohol Alcohol might worsen sure unwanted effects of antihistamines, per MedlinePlus. Keep away from ingesting alcohol whereas taking these medicines. Antihistamines and Being pregnant Inform your physician if you happen to’re pregnant, or would possibly grow to be pregnant, whereas utilizing an antihistamine. You’ll have to debate the dangers and advantages of taking the drugs throughout being pregnant. Additionally, speak to your healthcare supplier earlier than taking antihistamines if you happen to’re breastfeeding.
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