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The weight-loss drug Wegovy reduces the chance of experiencing or dying from occasions like coronary heart assaults and strokes by 20 p.c in folks with weight problems and preexisting coronary heart illness, based on outcomes from a late-stage medical trial printed in The New England Journal of Drugs.
For the research, scientists randomly assigned 17,604 folks with weight problems and coronary heart illness to obtain weekly injections, of both a 2.4 milligram dose of Wegovy or a placebo, for nearly three years on common. By the top of the research, 579 folks on Wegovy died of cardiovascular causes or skilled issues like coronary heart failure, coronary heart assaults, and strokes, in contrast with 701 folks within the placebo group — which means Wegovy diminished this danger by 20 p.c.
“That is the primary weight administration remedy to point out that it could possibly scale back this danger on high of all the different therapies sufferers take for heart problems,” says lead research creator A. Michael Lincoff, MD, of the division of cardiovascular medication on the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio.
Wegovy, like the kind 2 diabetes drug Ozempic, incorporates the lively ingredient semaglutide. These medication are in a household of medicines often called glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, which work by mimicking the motion of a hormone that makes folks really feel full.
Most sufferers within the research have been taking aspirin in addition to medication often called statins, Lincoff says. Each of those medicines may help scale back the chance of coronary heart assaults and strokes.
Wegovy Does Greater than Assist in Weight Loss
With Wegovy, folks misplaced a mean of 9.4 p.c of their physique weight by the top of the research. Nonetheless, researchers noticed enhancements in a number of markers of cardiovascular danger like blood stress, blood sugar, and irritation quickly after individuals began taking the drug.
This means that the advantages of Wegovy come from each weight reduction and from results of the drug which can be unbiased of how a lot weight folks lose, says Robert Kushner, MD, a professor and director of the Heart for Lifestyle Drugs on the Northwestern Feinberg Faculty of Drugs who wasn’t concerned within the new research.
“We all know that weight reduction improves a number of cardiovascular danger elements, resembling hypertension, elevated blood sugar, and irregular blood fat,” Dr. Kushner says. “As well as, semaglutide has weight unbiased results resembling diminished irritation within the physique, improved vascular tone and kidney operate. The mix of those results yields diminished cardiovascular occasions.”
One limitation of the research is that it solely included folks with preexisting heart problems. Which means the outcomes can’t clarify whether or not Wegovy would possibly forestall occasions like coronary heart assaults or strokes in folks with none historical past of heart problems.
“Wegovy is especially helpful for sufferers with obese and weight problems with earlier historical past of heart problems, however that doesn’t suggest that it’s helpful for major prevention of heart problems,” says Osama Hamdy, MD, PhD, medical director of the weight problems medical program at Joslin Diabetes Heart and an affiliate professor at Harvard Medical Faculty in Boston.
It might take an extended trial that features sufferers with and with no historical past of heart problems to find out whether or not Wegovy would possibly play a task in stopping this situation, says Dr. Hamdy, who wasn’t concerned within the new research.
FDA Contemplating Approving Wegovy to Decrease Coronary heart Illness Dangers
It’s additionally not clear from the research outcomes whether or not Wegovy can be useful for stopping coronary heart issues in folks with out obese, weight problems, or diabetes. Presently the drug is simply accepted for kind 2 diabetes, or for folks with obese or weight problems.
The U.S. Meals and Drug Administration (FDA) is reviewing an added approval for Wegovy as therapy for lowering the chance of heart problems, and should challenge a choice inside six months, CNBC reported on November 2.
One other unanswered query from the research is whether or not sufferers with weight problems and heart problems would possibly get coronary heart well being advantages from one other GLP-1 drug, Zepbound, which simply received FDA approval for continual weight administration.
Zepbound, like the kind 2 diabetes drug Mounjaro, incorporates the lively ingredient tirzepatide. These medication containing tirzepatide goal two hormones — glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) — which can be concerned in sustaining wholesome blood sugar ranges and sending alerts of satiety from the intestine to the mind.
“I anticipate the cardiovascular outcomes to be extra spectacular with the mixed GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists, not solely due to the upper magnitude of weight reduction by tirzepatide, but additionally as a result of GIP receptor agonist has a potent impact on lipid profile,” Hamdy says, referring to levels of cholesterol. Analysis is underway to evaluate the cardiovascular advantages of Zepbound, Hamdy provides.
“Proper now, we now have information to assist the advantage of Wegovy in sufferers with weight problems and former historical past of heart problems, which is but to be confirmed in response to Zepbound,” Hamdy says.
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