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The vagina is a muscular tube that extends from a lady’s vulva, the a part of her genital space on the surface of her physique, to her cervix, the decrease a part of the uterus — the “womb” through which a fetus grows throughout being pregnant, in line with the Mayo Clinic.
It basically connects the uterus to the surface of the physique.
In grownup girls, the vagina sometimes measures about 3 to five inches lengthy, in line with Merck Guide. It’s lined with a mucous membrane.
The liner of the vagina accommodates folds and wrinkles through the reproductive years. Earlier than puberty and after menopause, this lining is clean.
Capabilities of the Vagina
The vagina performs numerous completely different roles in a lady’s physique.
When a lady is aroused, the vagina expands, and its partitions lubricate to cut back friction. The nerve endings close to the doorway of the vagina might present pleasure throughout sexual exercise.
Throughout heterosexual vaginal intercourse, the vagina serves as a passageway for a person’s sperm to ultimately attain a lady’s egg, which can lead to being pregnant.
The vagina additionally acts because the route for delivering a child — referred to as the beginning canal — and for the exit of menstrual blood from the physique.
Situations Affecting the Vagina
Vaginal issues can impression many features of a lady’s well being.
Some frequent situations affecting the vagina embody:
Vaginal Odor Any odor that comes from the vagina is termed “vaginal odor.” A really robust scent that’s accompanied by different signs could also be a sign of a extra critical situation.
Vaginal Discharge A lady’s physique usually removes fluid and previous cells by excreting vaginal discharge. But when discharge is irregular, it may be an indication of one other downside.
Vaginal Itching This itching, generally known as vaginitis, can occur when the vagina turns into infected. A bacterial imbalance, sure infections, or a sexually transmitted an infection (STI) would be the perpetrator.
Vaginal Dryness Dryness typically occurs throughout menopause as ranges of estrogen naturally drop. It could possibly additionally happen when the tissues of the vagina aren’t wholesome and effectively lubricated. Dryness could cause discomfort and result in an infection.
Bacterial Vaginosis This frequent vaginal an infection may be transmitted by sexual contact or brought on by a bacterial imbalance.
Yeast An infection This an infection is usually brought on by the fungus Candida albicans.
Vaginal Flatulence Trapped air is typically launched from the vagina throughout sure actions, comparable to sexual activity or train.
Vaginal Cysts These closed pockets of fluid are positioned on or underneath the vaginal lining and might often turn into contaminated (stuffed with pus).
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, herpes, human papillomavirus (HPV), syphilis, and different infections may be unfold by sexual contact. STIs can have an effect on varied features of vaginal well being.
Vulvodynia This situation is characterised by unexplained continual ache within the space across the opening of the vagina.
Imperforate Hymen On this congenital dysfunction, the hymen fully covers and obstructs the vagina.
Pelvic Organ (Vaginal) Prolapse This situation happens when the uterus, bladder, rectum, urethra, small bowel, or vagina itself falls out of its regular place and pushes in opposition to an space of the vagina. It could possibly result in discomfort and sexual issues.
Vaginal Most cancers Signs of this extraordinarily uncommon most cancers embody irregular bleeding or discharge. It often happens when one other kind of most cancers spreads, in line with MedlinePlus.
Vaginismus This situation is characterised by involuntary spasms of the muscle tissues surrounding the vagina. It could possibly trigger ache and intrude with regular sexual exercise.
Retaining Your Vagina Healthy
Some actions you may take to enhance and shield your vaginal well being, in line with Mayo Clinic, embody:
Do Kegel Workouts These contain squeezing the muscle tissues you employ to cease urinating. Kegels might help tone your pelvic flooring muscle tissues.
Follow Secure Intercourse Utilizing condoms can scale back your danger of growing STIs and different vaginal situations.
Get Vaccinated Vaccines can shield you in opposition to sure infections, comparable to HPV and hepatitis B.
Restrict Alcohol and Tobacco Use These substances can impair sexual perform and arousal.
Get Common Exams Seeing your healthcare supplier frequently might help determine any potential issues.
Keep away from Douching and Sprays Douching disrupts the vagina’s pH ranges, which might result in bacterial infections. It’s finest to scrub the vulva (the surface of your vagina) with non-irritating cleaning soap and water.
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