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Throughout ostomy surgical procedure, surgeons create a gap, referred to as a stoma, within the stomach wall to permit waste to depart the physique. This process could also be vital for individuals with an inflammatory bowel illness (IBD) — akin to ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s illness — colon or rectal most cancers, diverticulitis, or an harm to or blockage of the bowels.
There are a number of forms of stomas, however the commonest ones embrace:
- Colostomy, which creates a gap to the massive gut, permitting stool to bypass the a part of the colon that’s diseased or broken
- Ileostomy, which creates a gap within the small gut, permitting waste to bypass components of the bowels which are diseased or have been eliminated
Waste strikes out of your physique by means of the stoma involuntarily and right into a pouch referred to as an ostomy bag, the place feces collects. The pouch attaches to your pores and skin across the stoma by way of an adhesive referred to as a pores and skin barrier, which additionally protects the pores and skin. The bag might be hidden beneath clothes.
Ostomy luggage are odor resistant and sealed to stop leaks however must be modified frequently. After ostomy surgical procedure, your nurse will clarify intimately easy methods to care on your stoma and alter your ostomy bag. Here’s a fast assessment of what you have to know to maintain your stoma clear and wholesome and alter your pouch most effectively.
Kinds of Ostomy Pouching Techniques
Your ostomy bag and pores and skin barrier make up what’s referred to as an ostomy pouching system. There are two forms of ostomy pouching programs, per College of Chicago Drugs, which embrace:
- One-piece pouching system, which is made up of the ostomy pouch and the pores and skin barrier, which is linked to the bag as a single unit
- Two-piece pouching system, which is made up of the pouch and a barrier that stays connected to the pores and skin and contains a flange, or plate, which the ostomy bag is linked to and disconnected from as wanted
How Typically Ought to You Clear Your Ostomy Bag?
Your ostomy pouch ought to be cleaned each few days, based on MedlinePlus. Precisely how lengthy you go between modifications will depend upon the kind of ostomy you have got, says Jackie McHugh RN, an authorized wound, ostomy, and continence nurse on the Digestive Illness & Surgical procedure Institute at Cleveland Clinic.
With an ileostomy, the pouch will must be cleaned about each three days. “As a result of acidic nature of the small bowel, the bag will put on on the barrier extra rapidly,” McHugh says.
For a colostomy, it could be doable to maintain the identical bag on for per week, however she advises now not than that. “There are extended-wear obstacles, however no barrier ought to be worn for greater than 7 days, to stop pores and skin breakdown,” she says.
rule of thumb is to by no means let the pouch fill greater than midway. “This retains the pouch low profile, which prevents leakage, in addition to retains the pouch hidden below clothes,” McHugh says.
Steps to Change Your Ostomy Bag
McHugh provides the next step-by-step information for altering your ostomy bag.
Step 1: Collect Your Provides
Step one is to assemble the provides you’ll want to alter your ostomy bag and clear your stoma. These embrace:
- A clear towel or paper towels
- Nonoily cleaning soap
- Scissors
- Measuring information
- Adhesive remover wipes
- Stoma powder
- Moisture barrier paste
- Pouching system
Step 2: Take away the Outdated Pouch
The lavatory is an efficient place to alter your ostomy bag. Totally wash your palms earlier than you start. Then, you’ll need to take away the pouch and empty the contents into the bathroom.
“Utilizing the adhesive remover, gently press down in your pores and skin and pull up on the pouch,” McHugh advises. “Work from the highest to the underside.”
After emptying it, eliminate the pouch in an everyday trash bin.
Step 3: Put together the New Pouch
For those who’re utilizing a pouching system that doesn’t include a precut pores and skin barrier, you’ll have to dimension and reduce a gap. You’ll first hint the sample of your stoma on the again of the pores and skin barrier. Minimize the barrier, ensuring you narrow on the skin fringe of the tracing.
“If you’re undecided in the event you reduce the opening giant sufficient, or in the event you assume it’s too large, you are able to do a dry match by laying the pores and skin barrier over the stoma whereas the backing is on,” McHugh says.
After you have got checked the dimensions of the opening, take away the adhesive overlaying and apply a skinny layer of paste across the opening of the pores and skin barrier. “Take into consideration the quantity of toothpaste that you simply use,” McHugh says. “That skinny bead of paste is the correct quantity of protection wanted to fill any gaps.”
Step 4: Wash and Dry the Stoma
The following step is to wash your stoma. Wipe any stool away with rest room paper and eliminate it in the bathroom. Then, clear your pores and skin utilizing a moist, soapy towel or paper towels in a round movement, beginning on the base of the stoma and dealing outward, McHugh advises.
You should definitely rinse the pores and skin effectively with a moist paper towel after which pat dry.
Step 5: Study the Pores and skin Across the Stoma
Subsequent, make sure you study the pores and skin surrounding the stoma for any issues.
Purple, uncooked, irritated pores and skin might be handled with stoma powder, which will also be used to stop irritation.
“When utilizing the powder, apply a beneficiant quantity, however make sure you brush away the surplus powder,” McHugh says. “The powder will stick the place it’s wanted, however leaving an excessive amount of can forestall the pouch from adhering to your pores and skin.”
Step 6: Apply Your Pouching System
Start securing the ostomy bag by making use of the pouch with the pores and skin barrier laying instantly in your pores and skin. For those who’re utilizing a two-piece system, you may connect the pouch to the flange earlier than or after making use of the pores and skin barrier.
“After you have got positioned the pores and skin barrier in opposition to your pores and skin, maintain the pouching system in place for a couple of minutes,” McHugh says. “This can assist it mould to your physique, together with warming the fabric for a greater seal.”
Wash your palms once more completely while you’re executed.
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